Direct
and Indirect Speech,
we are also
familiar with another
term that is Reported Speech.
Direct Speect is
the sentence pronounced by the speaker directly and
if the sentence is written will be quoted.
Indirect Speech is
a
phrase that we report to others indirectly and
without any commas.
EXAMPLE DIRECT
AND INDIRECT SPEECH
1.
D : My friend said to me, “ I
don’t like football “
I :
My friend said to me that he didn’t like football
2. D : She said, “ I didn’t go
to campus
I : She said that she hadn’t gone to campus this morning
3. D : Rikza says, “ I have
seen that movies “
I : Rikza says that she has seen that movies
4. D : Mother asked her, “
Don’t go there alone “
I :
Mother asked her not to go there alone
5. D :
Father asked robi, “ Don’t smoke too much “
I :
Father asked robi not to smoke too much
RULES
|
TIME, LOCATION
|
|
'I'm going to see my mother tomorrow.'
=> Bob said (that) he was going to see his mother the next day.
|
|
Mark: 'I went to
London last week.'
=> He added (that) he had gone to London the week before.
|
|
Sue: 'I
must leave now!'
=> She told me (that) she had to leave then.
|
|
Peter: 'I don't like this house.'
=> Peter said (that) he didn't like that house.
|
|
Peter: 'I can't live here.' => Peter
told us (that) he couldn't live there.
|
|
DIRECT
|
INDIRECT
|
|
now
|
Then
|
|
Tonight
|
that night
|
|
yesterday
|
the
day before / the previous day
|
|
tomorrow
|
the
next day / the following day
|
|
last
(year, month...)
|
the
last / previous (year, month...)
|
|
next
(month, week...)
|
the
next / following (month, week...)
|
|
This =>
|
That
|
|
Here =>
|
There
|
|
There =>
|
There
|
|
That =>
|
That
|
|
These =>
|
These
|
|
Those =>
|
those
|
|
TENSES
|
||||
|
Bob said, 'I'm going to see my
mother.'
=> Bob said (that) he was going to see his mother.
|
||||
|
DIRECT
|
=>
|
INDIRECT
|
||
|
Future
|
'I will always love you.'
|
=>
|
Conditional
|
He said he would always
love me.
|
|
present simple
|
.'He is ill.'
|
=>
|
past simple
|
She said he was ill.
|
|
present continuous
|
'I'm leaving
today.'
|
=>
|
past continuous
|
He said he was leaving
that day.
|
|
present perfect
|
'You have bought
a dress.'
|
=>
|
past perfect
|
He said she had bought
a dress.
|
|
present perf. cont.
|
'I've been working
all day.'
|
=>
|
past perf. cont.
|
He said he had been working
all day.
|
|
past simple
|
'I went to
London.'
|
=>
|
past perfect
|
He said he had gone
to London.
|
|
past continuous
|
'My friends were
playing chess.'
|
=>
|
past perfect cont.
|
He said his friends had been
playing chess.
|
|
past perfect
|
'I had lost my
bag'
|
.
|
.
|
pas de changement
|
|
MODALS
|
||||
|
can
|
=>
|
could
|
'She can cook delicious
meals.'
|
He
said she could cook delicious meals.
|
|
May
|
=>
|
might
|
'It may not rain this night.'
|
He
said it might not rain that night.
|
|
Must
|
=>
|
had
to
|
'I must leave now.'
|
She
said she had to leave then.
|
Referensi:http://www.tolearnenglish.com/exercises/exercise-english-2/exercise-english-66744.php
